Volume: 27  Issue: 2 - 2018
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1.Review of the utility of FDG-PET/CT in the management of primary testicular lymphoma
Kürşat Okuyucu, Semra Ince, Engin Alagöz, Erman Atas, Nuri Arslan
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GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Primer testis lenfoması (PTL) testis kaynaklı bir ekstranodal lenfomadır. 18-florodeoksiglukoz pozitron emisyon tomografisi-bilgisayarlı tomografi (FDG-PET/BT) tümör metabolizmasını değerlendirmede yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır ve PTL yüksek FDG tutulumu gösterir. FDG-PET/BT’nin klinik uygulamaları gün geçtikçe artmasına rağmen, PTL’deki rolü tam olarak tanımlanmamış ve sistematize edilmemiştir. Bu çalışma FDG-PET/BT’nin PTL tanı ve tedavisindeki yararlılık ve kısıtlamalarını araştırmaktadır.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalışma 2004-2015 yılları arasında 12 PTL hastasını içermektedir. Vakaların geriye dönük olarak FDG PET/BT sonuçları ve gidişatları incelenmiştir.
BULGULAR: Ortalama toplam sağkalım (OS) ve hastalıksız sağkalım (DFS) sırasıyla 44.5 ay ve 35.5 ay idi. Ortalama SUVmax rekürrent/metastatik grupta 18.5 idi. OS 1. yılda %94, 3. yılda %69; DFS 1. yılda %93.5, 2. yılda %56 idi.
TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: FDG-PET/BT evreleme ve tedaviye yanıt takibinde çok faydalıdır. Testis tümörlerinin ayırıcı tanısının zor olduğu vakalarda yararlı olabilir. Fakat ilk tanıda iyi bir yöntem değildir. Tedavi öncesi veya sonrası FDG uptake değerleri prognostik bir önem taşıyabilir.
INTRODUCTION: Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is an extranodal lymphoma originating from testis. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) is widely used for evaluating tumor metabolism and PTL usually shows strong FDG uptake. As the clinical application of FDG-PET/CT emerges rapidly, its role in PTL was not fully defined and reviewed systematically. This study reviews the usefulness and limitation of FDG-PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of PTL.
METHODS: This study included 12 patients with PTL between 2004 and 2015. We retrospectively examined PET/CT and outcome of the patients. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was calculated.
RESULTS: Mean overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was 44.5 months, 35.5 months, respectively. Mean SUVmax was 18.5 in recurrent/metastatic group. OS at first year was 94%, 69% at 3rd year. DFS at first year was 93.5%, 56% at second year.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: FDG-PET/CT is very helpful at staging and in evaluating treatment response. It may be useful when differential diagnosis of testis tumors is difficult. But it is not a perfect tool in the initial diagnosis. Pretreatment and posttreatment FDG uptake values may have a prognostic value in patients with PTL.
Abstract

2.Disseminated Multi-System Sarcoidosis Mimicking Metastases on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography
William Makis, Mark Palayew, Christopher Rush, Stephan Probst
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A 60 year old female with no significant medical history presented with hematuria. A CT scan revealed extensive lymphadenopathy with hypodensities in the liver and spleen and she was referred for an 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) study to assess for malignancy of unknown primary. PET/CT revealed extensive 18F-FDG avid lymphadenopathy as well as innumerable intensely 18F-FDG avid lung, liver and splenic nodules, highly concerning for malignancy. A PET-guided bone marrow biopsy of the posterior superior iliac spine revealed several non-necrotizing, well-formed granulomas, consistent with sarcoidosis. The patient was managed conservatively and remained clinically well over the subsequent 9 years of follow-up.
Abstract

3.Laryngeal tuberculosis mimicking laryngeal carcinoma on F-18 FDG PET/CT imaging
Arzu Cengiz, Sibel Göksel, Yeşim Başal, Şule Taş Gülen, Füruzan Döğer, Yakup Yürekli
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Laringeal tüberküloz, tüberkülozun nadir bir formudur. Klinik ve radyolojik bulguları larinks karsinomunu taklit edebilir. Klinik olarak larinks karsinomu şüphesi olan 51 yaşında bir kadın hastaya F-18 florodeoksiglukoz (FDG) positron emisyon tomografisi/bilgisayarlı tomografi ( PET/BT) ile görüntüleme yapıldı. PET/BT, larinksteki hipermetabolik odağa ilave olarak tüberkülozla ilişkili akciğer lezyonlarını ortaya çıkardı. Hasta, histopatolojik olarak akciğer ve larinks tüberkülozu tanısı aldı.
Laryngeal tuberculosis is a rare presentation of tuberculosis. It can mimic laryngeal carcinoma with its clinical and imaging findings. A 51-year old woman underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging for clinically suspected carcinoma of larynx. PET/CT revealed lung lesions consistent with tuberculosis in additional to hypermetabolic focus on larynx. Patient was diagnosed lung and laryngeal tuberculosis histopathologically.
Abstract

4.The influential factors on the difference of LV systolic parameters measurement in myocardial perfusion gated SPECT with 16 frame and 8 frame acquisition models
Mojtaba Ansari, Seyed Mohsen Qutbi, Zahra Azizmohammadi, Faraj Tabeie, Eznollah Azargashb, Hamid Javadi, Esmail Jafari, Maryam Barekat, Majid Assadi
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INTRODUCTION: Evaluating the effect of heart cavity volume, presence and absence of perfusion defect, gender and type of study (stress and rest) on the difference of systolic parameters of myocardial perfusion scan in 16 and 8 framing gated SPECT imaging.
METHODS: Cardiac gated SPECT in both 16 and 8 framing simultaneously and both stress and rest phases at one-day protocol was performed for 50 patients. Data had been reconstructed by filter back projection (FBP) method and LV systolic parameters were calculated by using QGS software. The effect of some factors such as LV cavity volume, presence and absence of perfusion defect, gender and type of study on difference between 8 and 16 frames on difference of on data difference were evaluated.
RESULTS: Difference of EF, EDV and ESV in both stress and rest was statistically significant. Increased difference of EF, EDV and ESV in both framing was more in stress, rest and stress, respectively. Type of study had a significant effect on difference of systolic parameters and also, gender has a significant effect on difference of EF and ESV in rest between both framings.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Totally, results of this study revealed that systolic data of both 16 and 8 frames were statistically significant and it seems that because of better efficiency of 16 frames, it cannot be replaced by 8 frames. Further well-designed studies are required to verify these findings.
Abstract

5.Hypermetabolic Hurthle Cell Adenoma on 18F FDG PET-CT scan
Aamna Hassan, Saima Riaz
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Thyroid incidentalomas are frequently discovered on 18F FDG PET-CT scan. A higher malignancy risk is thought to be associated with increasing metabolic activity and standardized uptake value (SUV). Likewise, thyroid nodules with focal FDG avidity have higher a malignant potential. However, some benign nodules like follicular and Hurthle cell adenomas can also present with focal hypermetabolic activity.
We report the case of a 59-year-old lady with gastric carcinoma, who was found to have an incidental hypermetabolic thyroid nodule on routine 18F FDG PET-CT scan. Despite the complex texture of the nodule and intense focal avidity, the histopathology was consistent with Hurtle cell adenoma.
Abstract

6.The Contribution of Fluorine 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography (F18-FDG PET/CT) to Lung Cancer Diagnosis, Staging and Treatment Plan
Emine Budak, Gürsel Çok, Ayşegül Akgün
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GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Akciğer kanseri, tüm dünyada kansere bağlı gerçekleşen ölümlerin en sık nedenidir. Erken tanı ve evrelemeye bağlı doğru tedavi seçimi akciğer kanserinde sağkalımı arttıran bir faktördür. Amacımız akciğer kanseri yönetimine Flor 18-Fluorodeoksiglukoz-Pozitron Emisyon Tomografisi/Bilgisayarlı Tomografi(F18-FDG-PET/BT)'nin katkısını araştırmaktır.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalışmamıza Şubat 2012-Şubat 2014 tarihleri arasında akciğer kanseri tanı ve evreleme amacıyla F18-FDG-PET/BT yapılan 50 hasta dahil edildi. F18-FDG-PET/BT’de akciğerde saptanan primer lezyonun maksimum standart uptake değeri (SUVmax) ve diğer bulgular, histopatolojik ve konvansiyonel yöntem sonuçları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. 30 hastanın ortalama sağkalım süresi belirlendi. İstatiksel yöntemler kullanılarak bulgular karşılaştırıldı.
BULGULAR: 50 hastada histopatolojik olarak toplam 51 akciğer kanseri saptandı. F18-FDG-PET/BT’nin primer maligniteyi saptamada duyarlılık, doğruluk ve pozitif preditif değeri sırasıyla %94, %94, %100 saptandı. Adenokarsinom (n: 23, 16.8±13.5) ve skuamöz hücreli karsinom (n: 15, 17.9±5.6) ortalama SUVmax değeri açısından anlamlı bir farklılık göstermedi (p: 0.2). 51 tümör için tümör boyutu ile SUVmax değeri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif korelasyon (r: 0.4) mevcuttu (p=0.002). F18-FDG-PET/BT, histopatolojik olarak lenf nodu değerlendirilen hastaların; 9’unda gerçek negatif, 6’sında yanlış pozitif, 2’sinde gerçek pozitif ve 4’ünde yanlış negatifti. F18-FDG-PET/BT, hastaların %34’ünde tedavi planını değiştirdi. 30 hastada tümörün SUVmax değeri ile hasta sağkalımı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (p: 0.118).
TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda; PET/BT’nin konvansiyonel yöntemlere ek önemli bilgiler sağlayarak akciğer kanseri tanı ve evrelemesinde etkin bir yöntem olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Ayrıca PET/BT’nin evrelemeye katkısıyla hastaların önemli bir kısmında tedavi planında değişikliğe neden olduğu görüldü. Ancak primer kitlenin SUVmax değeri ile hastaların sağkalımı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki saptanmadı.
INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the world, and the correct choice of treatment, depending on early diagnosis and staging, increases the chance of survival in patients. The present study aims to investigate the contribution of Fluorine18-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (F18-FDG-PET/CT) to the management of lung cancer.
METHODS: In this study, 50 patients who underwent F18-FDG-PET/CT for lung cancer diagnosis and staging between February 2012 and February 2014 were included. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary lung lesion and the other findings of the F18-FDG-PET/CT and the results of histopathological and conventional examinations were evaluated retrospectively. The mean survival time of 30 patients was determined, and the findings were compared using statistical methods.
RESULTS: Histopathological examinations revealed 51 lung cancers in 50 patients. The sensitivity, accuracy and positive predictive value of F18-FDG-PET/CT in the detection of primary malignancy were 94%, 94%, 100%, respectively. Adenocarcinoma (n: 23, 16.8 ± 13.5) and squamous cell carcinoma (n: 15, 17.9 ± 5.6) did not differ significantly regarding their mean SUVmax values (p: 0.2). A statistically significant positive correlation (r: 0.4) was identified between tumor size and the SUVmax value for 51 tumors (p = 0.002). The F18-FDG-PET/CT provided a true negative in nine, a false positive in six, a true positive in two, and a false negative in four patients who underwent a histopathological evaluation for lymph nodes. The F18-FDG-PET/CT changed the treatment plan in 34% of the patients. No significant relationship was identified between the SUVmax value of the tumor and patient survival in 30 patients (p: 0.118).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that PET/CT was an efficient method in diagnosis and staging of lung cancer because it provided useful information to conventional methods. It was also observed that PET/CT scanning resulted in a change in the therapeutic plans in the majority of patients. However, there was no statistically significant relationship was identified between survival and the SUVmax of the primary mass.
Abstract

7.I-131 Radiation-Induced Myelosuppression in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Therapy
Stephan Probst, Gad Abikhzer, Guillaume Chaussé, Michael Tamilia
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Radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has been used in clinical practice for almost 60 years and is generally accepted to be a safe and efficacious treatment. Severe toxicity in the form of radiation pneumonitis, sometimes progressing to fibrosis, and bone marrow suppression are reported but remain rare. We present a case of severe myelosuppression requiring hospitalization and transfusion support in an otherwise well, young female patient who had received 175 mCi I-131 for low-volume micronodular lung disease one month prior, with a cumulative lifetime administered activity of 575 mCi. The most important risk factors for myelosuppression following RAI are the activity received, the amount of functioning thyroid tissue present, and the lifetime cumulative activity received.
Abstract

8.Value of F-18 FDG PET/CT in Cutaneous Melanoma Patients with Negative Sentinel Lymph Nodes and High Clark Levels
Ozge Vural Topuz, Fatma Arzu Caliskan, Zubeyde Rana Kaya Doner, Cetin Onsel, Haluk Burcak Sayman
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GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Çalışmamızda sentinel lenf nodu (SLN) patoloji sonucu negatif olan malin melanom (MM) tanılı hastalarda PET/BT’nin ilk bir yıl içerisindeki yararını araştırdık
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Ameliyat sonrası ilk 1 sene içerisinde PET/BT çekimi yapılan 65 hastanın (39 erkek; 26 kadın, yaş ortalaması 53,8) PET/BT çekimleri ve SLN biyopsi sonuçları değerlendirildi. Bunların içerisinden SLN biyopsi sonucu negatif olan hastalarda erken dönemde PET/BT görüntülemenin gerekliliği araştırıldı. McNemar testi, pozitif veya negatif PET / BT sonuçlarını pozitif ve negatif SLNB sonuçları ile karşılaştırmak için kullanıldı.
BULGULAR: SLNB sonuçları pozitif olan 43 hastanın postoperatif 1. yılda yapılan PET / BT çekimlerinin sonuçları 23 hastada (% 53.5) pozitif, 20 hastada (% 46.5) ise negatif olarak bulundu. Diğer taraftan SLN biyopsi sonucu negatif olan 22 hastanın postoperatif 1. yılda yapılan PET / BT çekimlerinin sonuçları19 hastada (% 86.4) negatif,3 hastada (% 13.6) ise pozitif olarak bulundu.
SLN biyopsi sonucu negatif olan hastalar için postoperatif 1. yılda yapılan PET/BT ile uzak metastaz saptanma oranı SLN biyopsi sonucu pozitif olan hastalardan anlamlı olarak daha düşük (p <0.001) bulundu.

TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Çalışmamızda, SLN biyopsi sonucu negatif olan hastalarda postoperatif ilk 1. yılda yapılan F-18 FDG PET / BT çekimlerinin sonuçlarının büyük bir olasılıkla (vakaların % 86.4'ünde) negatif olması nedeniyle bu hasta grubunda bu periyotta yapılan F-18 FDG PET / BT çekimlerinin önemli bir klinik katkı sağlamayacakları sonucuna varılmıştır.
INTRODUCTION: We investigated the utility of PET/CT that was performed in
cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients within the first year, whose sentinel lymph node (SLN)
pathologies were negative.

METHODS: PET/CT’s performed in the first postoperative year in 65
patients (39 male; 26 female and mean age 53.8) and their SLN biopsy (SLNB) results were
studied. Among them, the utility of early PET/CT imaging in patients with negative SLNB
was evaluated. McNemar test was used in order to compare the positive or negative PET/CT
results of study group with the positive and negative results of their SLNB.

RESULTS: : Within the first postoperative year, PET/CT results of 43 patients with positive
SLNB were found positive in 23 patients (53.5%) and negative in 20 patients (46.5%). On the
other hand, PET/CT results of 22 patients with negative SLN biopsy were found negative in
19 patients (86.4%) and positive in 3 patients (13.6%). For the patients with negative SLNB
results, the detection rate of distant metastasis with PET/CT was significantly lower (p<0.001)
than the patients with positive SLNB results.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our results showed that F-18 FDG PET/CT would be found negative with
a great possibility (in 86.4% of cases) during the first postoperative year of patients with
negative SLNB, therefore it is concluded that they would not provide any significant clinical
contribution.

Abstract

9.A Case of Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy in Both Upper and Lower Extremities: A Rare Involvement
Berna Okudan, Nazim Coskun, Pelin Arican, Riza Sefizade, Seniha Naldoken
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Hipertrofik pulmoner osteoartopati (HPOA), mide ve özelikle akciğer kanserlerinde görülebilen bir paraneoplastik sendromdur. Çomak parmak, artrit, ekstremite ağrısı ve uzun kemiklerde periostit ile karakterizedir. Periostit HPOA’nın ayırıcı bulgularındandır ve sintigrafi ile gösterilebilir. Sintigrafik bulgular çoğunlukla radyolojik bulgulardan önce ortaya çıkar. Tüm vücut kemik sintigrafisi (TVKS) aktif lezyon döneminde oldukça duyarlıdır. TVKS ile tedavi sonrası ilk 6 ayda bulgularda gerileme gösterilebilir. Dolayısıyla TVKS, bu hastaların tanı ve takibinde önemli bir yer tutar. HPOA bulguları çoğunlukla alt ekstremitede görülür; hem üst hem alt ekstremite tutulumu ise nadir görülen bir durumdur. Bu vaka takdimi, ekstremite ağrısı ile başvuran akciğer kanseri hastalarında, hem alt hem üst ekstremitede nadiren görülen HPOA tablosunda dikkat çekmek amacıyla sunulmaktadır.
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA) is a paraneoplastic manifestation of gastric and, more frequently, lung carcinomas. It is characterized by extremity pain, clubbing, arthritis and periostitis of the long bones. Periostitis is the hallmark of HPOA and can be revealed with bone scintigraphy. Whole-body bone scintigraphy (WBS) is very sensitive during the active lesion period and WBS findings usually appear before radiography. WBS can also show improvement in first 6 months following the treatment, thus making it an important technique in the management and follow-up of these patients. HPOA findings are commonly seen in lower extremities but involvement of both upper and lower extremities is a rare condition. In this case, it is aimed to present findings of a 67-year-old male patient with lung cancer and complaint of extremity pain. We demonstrate this patient in order to draw attention to HPOA both in upper and lower extremities.
Abstract