Increase of Transforming Growth Factor-B didn't affect Trombospondin1 in preeclampsia placenta

Objective: The abnormalities of placental growth process is one of the theories causing preeclampsia. There were antiangiogenic factors that contribute it such as thrombospondin-1 (TSp1) that could stimulate TGF-β, or vice versa. Some researches showed an increase of TGF-β did not figurize it signaling. Therefore, we conduct study to examine the TGF-β signaling proteins through its receptors and TSp1 expression.
Methods: This observational study used 34 normal and 34 preeclampsia placental storaged samples, for examination of TGF-β and TGF-βR 1 and 2, SMAD2 using ELISA, and SMAD2 and TSp1 mRNA using the RT-PCR method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, normality test by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, significancy was analyzed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, or T test for parametric, with CI 95%. Spearman correlation used for nonparametric data, besides Pearson correlation for parametric data.
Results: Results showed that significant differences between preeclampsia and normal placenta in TGF-β, its receptor, SMAD2, and TSp-1 mRNA. Normal-TGF-β=1.19(0.713-2.051)pg/mg; Preeclampsia-TGFB=2.69(0.906-10.252)pg/mg; p=0.001); Normal-TGFBR1=1.025(0.622-1.402)ng/mg; Preeclampsia-TGFBR1=1.223(0.372-2.553)ng/mg; p=0.004; Normal-TGF-βR2=0.959(0.644-1.634)pg/mg; Preeclampsia-TGFBR2=1.490(0.775-3.645)pg/mg; p=0.0001; Normal-SMAD2= 2.087(1.279-4.300)ng/mg; Preeclampsia-SMAD2=3.508(1.842-22.489)ng/mg; p= 0.0001. The SMAD2 mRNA relative expression (Livax) in normal placenta was=0.71(0.03-7.25); PE=0.49(0.01-40.71); p=0.075), the normal TSp1 mRNA= 1.08(0.09-5.31); PE= 0.21(0.002-24.06); p= 0.002). Correlation test showed strong correlation between TGFB with TGFBR1 and 2 in normal placenta, but no correlation in preeclampsia placenta. No correlation between SMAD2 and TSp1 mRNA in both normal and preeclampsia.
Conclusion: TGF-β signaling in preeclampsia placenta was changed due to the increased of the protein signaling it self without correlation between TGF-β to its receptors and TSp1 relative expression.